The Role of Transformational Leadership in Enhancing Engagement and Motivation of Millennial Employees
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62207/93crjw90Keywords:
Transformational Leadership, Digital Communication Preferences, Millennials, Employee Engagement, Systematic Literature ReviewAbstract
The millennial generation who now dominates the workforce has different communication preferences, especially in the digital era, which requires adaptation of leadership styles, in particular transformational leadership. This research aims to analyze the influence of transformational leadership towards digital communication preferences and levels of engagement of millennial employees, using the approach Systematic Literature Review which is based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISM). The research results show that the internal dimensions of transformational leadership, like individualized consideration And intellectual stimulation, significantly influences millennial employee engagement through digital communication platforms. The practical implications of this research provide insights for HR managers to better understand the communication preferences of the millennial generation and adapt leadership styles to increase employee engagement and retention in a work environment that continues to develop digitally.
References
Abasilim, U., Gberevbie, D., & Osibanjo, O. (2019). Leadership styles and employees’ commitment: empirical evidence from nigeria. Sage Open, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019866287
Abedi, M., Rawai, N., Fathi, M., & Mirasa, A. (2015). Cloud computing information system architecture for precast supply chain management. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 773-774, 818-822. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.818
Aferi, A., Amali, H., & Lukito, H. (2023). Effect of transformational leadership style on organizational commitment, employee engagement, and employee performance pt. pln (persero) up3 bukittinggi. Journal of Business Studies and Mangement Review, 6(2), 135-142. https://doi.org/10.22437/jbsmr.v6i2.23792
Besieux, T., Baillien, E., Verbeke, A., & Euwema, M. (2015). What goes around comes around: the mediation of corporate social responsibility in the relationship between transformational leadership and employee engagement. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 39(2), 249-271. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831x15614914
Breevaart, K., Bakker, A., Demerouti, E., & Derks, D. (2015). Who takes the lead? a multi‐source diary study on leadership, work engagement, and job performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37(3), 309-325. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2041
Caniëls, M., Semeijn, J., & Renders, I. (2018). Mind the mindset! the interaction of proactive personality, transformational leadership and growth mindset for engagement at work. Career Development International, 23(1), 48-66. https://doi.org/10.1108/cdi-11-2016-0194
Chan, M., Plata, R., Medina, J., Alario-Hoyos, C., & Rizzardini, R. (2019). Modeling educational usage of cloud-based tools in virtual learning environments. Ieee Access, 7, 13347-13354. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2889601
Cortellazzo, L., Bruni, E., & Zampieri, R. (2019). The role of leadership in a digitalized world: a review. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01938
Dema, H., Hamid, H., & Barisan, B. (2023). Transformational leadership in supporting innovative digital governance. Journal of Government and Politics. https://doi.org/10.18196/jgp.v14i1.13528
Dong, B. (2023). A systematic review of the transforming leadership literature and future outlook. Journal of Innovation and Development, 3(1), 54-58. https://doi.org/10.54097/jid.v3i1.8420
Duverger, P. (2015). Crowdsourcing innovative service ideas. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 6(3), 228-241. https://doi.org/10.1108/jhtt-10-2014-0063
Gachugu, E. (2023). The role of transformational leadership on digital innovation and performance in large organizations. Journal of Strategic Management, 7(5), 82-93. https://doi.org/10.53819/81018102t2186
Gemeda, H. and Lee, J. (2020). Leadership styles, work engagement and outcomes among information and communications technology professionals: a cross-national study. Heliyon, 6(4), e03699. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03699
Ghadi, M., Fernando, M., & Caputi, P. (2013). Transformational leadership and work engagement. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 34(6), 532-550. https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-10-2011-0110
Hai, S., Wu, K., Park, I., Li, Y., Chang, Q., & Zhu, X. (2020). The role of perceived high-performance hr practices and transformational leadership on employee engagement and citizenship behaviors. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 35(6), 513-526. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmp-03-2019-0139
Hayati, D., Charkhabi, M., & Naami, A. (2014). The relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement in governmental hospitals nurses: a survey study. Springerplus, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-25
Hayati, K. (2022). Transformational leadership how its effect work-life balance and employee engagement. Asian Journal of Economics Business and Accounting, 75-82. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2022/v22i2230711
He, J., Morrison, A., & Zhang, H. (2019). Improving millennial employee well-being and task performance in the hospitality industry: the interactive effects of hrm and responsible leadership. Sustainability, 11(16), 4410. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164410
Hooi, L. and Chan, A. (2023). Does workplace digitalization matter in linking transformational leadership and innovative culture to employee engagement?. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 36(2), 197-216. https://doi.org/10.1108/jocm-06-2022-0184
Hungwe, T. (2024). An ai model for digital forensic readiness in the cloud using secure access service edge. International Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security, 19(1), 447-454. https://doi.org/10.34190/iccws.19.1.2132
Islam, M., Furuoka, F., & Idris, A. (2021). Employee engagement and organizational change initiatives: does transformational leadership, valence, and trust make a difference?. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 40(3), 50-62. https://doi.org/10.1002/joe.22078
Jha, N., Potnuru, R., Sareen, P., & Shaju, S. (2019). Employee voice, engagement and organizational effectiveness: a mediated model. European Journal of Training and Development, 43(7/8), 699-718. https://doi.org/10.1108/ejtd-10-2018-0097
Khaw, T., Teoh, A., Khalid, S., & Letchmunan, S. (2022). The impact of digital leadership on sustainable performance: a systematic literature review. The Journal of Management Development, 41(9/10), 514-534. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-03-2022-0070
Kurland, H., Peretz, H., & Hertz‐Lazarowitz, R. (2010). Leadership style and organizational learning: the mediate effect of school vision. Journal of Educational Administration, 48(1), 7-30. https://doi.org/10.1108/09578231011015395
Kurniawan, D. and Suganda, L. (2020). Cloud collaboration: its effect toward writing achievement and impact toward attitude to learning. Indonesian Research Journal in Education |Irje|, 466-482. https://doi.org/10.22437/irje.v4i2.11211
Kılınç, H. and Altınpulluk, H. (2021). Discussion forums as a learning material in higher education institutions. International Journal of Higher Education Pedagogies, 2(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.33422/ijhep.v2i1.25
Lai, F., Tang, H., Lu, S., Lee, Y., & Lin, C. (2020). Transformational leadership and job performance: the mediating role of work engagement. Sage Open, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019899085
Ling, S. and Martins, J. (2015). Learning and innovation in network: online communicative practices of a local enterprise partnership sector group. Regional Studies Regional Science, 2(1), 171-184. https://doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2015.1013149
Mariah, W. (2023). Transformational leadership and work engagement in muslim workers: the moderating role of gender. Inspira Indonesian Journal of Psychological Research, 4(1), 97-110. https://doi.org/10.32505/inspira.v4i1.5760
Marinda, V., Saudi, M., Dora, Y., & Saudi, N. (2018). The influence of transformational leadership and employee engagement to organizational citizenship behavior (ocb) and the effect to division effectiveness at pt. x in indonesia. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(4.34), 309. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.34.25302
Maryati, S. and Siregar, M. (2022). Digital leadership in improving organizational performance the role of information and communication technology. Owner, 6(4), 3616-3624. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v6i4.1176
Milhem, M., Muda, H., & Ahmed, K. (2019). The impact of transformational leadership style on employee engagement: using structural equation modeling (sem). International Journal of Modern Trends in Social Sciences, 162-173. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijmtss.280016
Mirda, R. and Prasetyo, P. (2022). Job characteristics, job involvement, and transformational leadership’s effects on employee performance through work engagement. Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Science, 2(3), 2129-2140. https://doi.org/10.55324/ijoms.v2i3.341
Mukherjee, S. and Jain, T. (2022). Social brokerage and productivity of users in online innovation networks. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 40(2), 231-254. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12648
Musaigwa, M. (2023). Examining the leadership approaches adopted by fintech management when implementing organizational change prompted by digital transformation. Technology Audit and Production Reserves, 4(4(72)), 20-27. https://doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2023.286627
nurhatisyah, N., Rumengan, J., Satriawan, B., Yanti, S., Fahizah, A., & Dewi, N. (2021). The influence of transformational leadership, personal value and organizational commitment to the performance of millerial employees in digital era in companies internet services provider (isp) in city batam with motivation as an intervening variable. Conference Series, 3(2), 113-122. https://doi.org/10.34306/conferenceseries.v3i2.470
Patricia, V., Matagi, L., & Nantamu, S. (2020). Transformational leadership, work engagement and performance among public service employees in uganda. EJBM. https://doi.org/10.7176/ejbm/12-23-03
Pillen, D. and Eckard, M. (2022). The impact of the shift to cloud computing on digital recordkeeping practices at the university of michigan bentley historical library. Archival Science, 23(1), 65-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-022-09395-2
Prasetya, M. and Kartikawangi, D. (2021). Corporate culture and internal communication influence on millenial employee engagement. Jurnal Aspikom, 6(2), 387. https://doi.org/10.24329/aspikom.v6i2.915
Procházka, J., Gilová, H., & Vaculík, M. (2017). The relationship between transformational leadership and engagement: self‐efficacy as a mediator. Journal of Leadership Studies, 11(2), 22-33. https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21518
Purba, M. (2023). The effect of transformational leadership and employee placement on work engagement of civil servants with job satisfaction as an intervening variable. Jurnal Maksipreneur Manajemen Koperasi Dan Entrepreneurship, 13(1), 326. https://doi.org/10.30588/jmp.v13i1.1458
Rahi, S. (2021). Investigating the role of employee psychological well-being and psychological empowerment with relation to work engagement and sustainable employability. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 38(2), 266-285. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijoes-12-2020-0200
Roman, A., Wart, M., Wang, X., Liu, C., Kim, S., & McCarthy, A. (2018). Defining e‐leadership as competence in ict‐mediated communications: an exploratory assessment. Public Administration Review, 79(6), 853-866. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12980
Salanova, M., Lorente, L., Chambel, M., & Martínez, I. (2011). Linking transformational leadership to nurses’ extra-role performance: the mediating role of self-efficacy and work engagement. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(10), 2256-2266. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05652.x
Sari, N. (2023). Millennial employees perception of the influence of transformational leadership on organizational performance through the implementation of total quality management (tqm) empirical study at pt asabri (persero) branch offices. Return Study of Management Economic and Bussines, 2(7), 695-709. https://doi.org/10.57096/return.v2i7.125
Schmitt, A., Hartog, D., & Belschak, F. (2016). Transformational leadership and proactive work behaviour: a moderated mediation model including work engagement and job strain. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 89(3), 588-610. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12143
Senadjki, A. (2023). Unlocking the potential: the impact of digital leadership on firms' performance through digital transformation. Journal of Business and Socio-Economic Development, 4(2), 161-177. https://doi.org/10.1108/jbsed-06-2023-0050
Sheehan, M., Garavan, T., & Morley, M. (2020). Transformational leadership and work unit innovation: a dyadic two-wave investigation. Journal of Business Research, 109, 399-412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.10.072
Shin, J., Mollah, M., & Choi, J. (2023). Sustainability and organizational performance in south korea: the effect of digital leadership on digital culture and employees’ digital capabilities. Sustainability, 15(3), 2027. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032027
Sukmawati, M. (2024). E-leadership: concept and influence of digital leadership. Journal of Information Technology and Education, 17(1), 87-97. https://doi.org/10.24036/jtip.v17i1.811
Tibi, M. (2016). Essential components in structuring asynchronous discussion forums. Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.17718/tojde.12429
Tims, M., Bakker, A., & Xanthopoulou, D. (2010). Do transformational leaders enhance their followers' daily work engagement?.. https://doi.org/10.1037/e572992012-318
Tims, M., Bakker, A., & Xanthopoulou, D. (2011). Do transformational leaders enhance their followers' daily work engagement?. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(1), 121-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2010.12.011
Toit, J. (2022). Digital transformational leadership in open distance learning: understanding progressive transparency.. https://doi.org/10.25159/unisarxiv/000045.v1
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Marezza Putri Anggreani, Suyanto Suyanto (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

















